The Debate On Nuclear Weapons - 1616 Words

Opening Arguments (Gerald Ferguson) Due to the severity and danger of nuclear weapons, it is very important for nations to have some sort of regulation with regard to the nuclear program and more specifically their nuclear weapons program. After the first nuclear bomb was created by the U.S. nations states that followed the U.S. with the creation of a nuclear bomb seek to justify their creation of the nuclear. There are many reasons why a nation state will create a nuclear bomb but the key issue here is why and how nations states should be regulated with regard to nuclear weapons development. If Iran is considered a potentially hostile regime based on the perspective of western allies it would be logical to attempt to negotiate with them so that their nuclear program can have some type of regulation rather than no regulation at all or striving to strong arm them from developing their nuclear program and possibly a nuclear weapons program. History of Nuclear Weapons Program According to an article posted in the Huffington Post on January 9, 2012, there are nine countries with nuclear weapons. The countries with nuclear weapons are as follows: United States (1945), the Soviet Union (1949), the United Kingdom (1952), France (1960), China (1964), India (1974), Pakistan (1998) and North Korea (2006) and Israel. The Huffington Post also reports that five of the members of the UN Security Council have nuclear weapons (Russia, the U.S., France, China and the United Kingdom).Show MoreRelatedThe Nuclear Debate On Nuclear Weapons3995 Words   |  16 Pages The Nuclear Debate Joe Archbold POL433 11-4-2014 Abstract Beginning in 1945 with the detonation of nuclear weapons, the international system has been an ever-changing climate regarding nuclear weapons. Beginning with the 40 year deterrence of nuclear force during the cold-war and continuing up until the present day. One of the hot button issues of nuclear weapons is the argument whether or not nuclear weapons are necessary or a necessary evil. Carl Sagan and Kenneth Waltz are the forerunnersRead MoreThe Debate Of Nuclear Weapons1328 Words   |  6 PagesThe debate that nuclear weapons kept peace through mutually assured destruction is still quite controversial. Though some historians do not believe this. Eric Hobsbawm states this, â€Å"both sides thus found themselves committed to an insane arms race to mutual destruction.† The interpretations A, B, C, D both agree and disagree with this point and each historian has their on views. Interpretation A and D disagreed with the question however also had a different view and since it wa s more revisionistRead MoreThe Discontinuation of Nuclear Weaponry Creation1627 Words   |  7 Pagesthe first and only object of good government†. Have political leaders thrown aside this advice in their pursuit of nuclear arms proliferation? Since 1945, many world leaders have established forms of defense known as nuclear weapons that have the technology and capability to completely annihilate designated regions of the earth. Originally a plan for defense, the creation of nuclear arms has primarily turned into a show of military strength and superiority with little regard towards the preservationRead MoreA Proposal for the International Elimination of Nuclear Weapons1543 Words   |  7 Pagesset out a model of the Nuclear Weapons Convention (NWC) in 1997. The model underwent revision and reforms in 2007. The text puts a proposal that international law completely eliminates and bans the use of nuclear weapons. The proposal has general support from the international system. Over the years, security at the international level has faced opposition when it comes to the disarmament of nuclear weapons. Discussions that are concerned with the risks of nuclear weapons and the options for disarmamentRead MoreArgument Of Rational Deterrence Theory By Kenneth Waltz1026 Words   |  5 Pagestheory later made by Scott Sagan. Nuclear weapons have been an important issue for debate for years. The spotlight of nuclear weapons was an important factor during the cold war nevertheless the question of nuclear weapons remains afterwards. The question of both the spread and contraction of nuclear weapons remains a strong issue because of the opposing theories that argue against the question of the spread, contraction furthermore the total dissolution of nuclear weapons. What was Waltz argument? WaltzRead MoreThe Treaty Of The Nuclear Weapons1669 Words   |  7 PagesUse Policy If the nuclear bearing countries recommit themselves to fully embrace the idea of a no first use of their nuclear weapons against another country, then this will be an important step to abolishing the weapons. Although in 1982, the Soviet Union declared its intention of a no first use policy but it did not really stop them from deploying and upgrading their weapons. For this condition to hold, it would entail sweeping and substantial changes to US and Russian nuclear deployments, withRead MoreBanishment of Nuclear Weapons1192 Words   |  5 Pagescatastrophe† (Krieger 4). The debate over the moral and life threatening potential of nuclear weapons has been in question since the first bomb was detonated almost eight decades ago. Nuclear weapons seem rightly owned by the world’s superpowers in order to ensure protection, yet it is feared that nuclear weapons are the horrible remnant of the Cold War that may still potentially cause unilateral destruction. It has been propos ed by several benevolent world powers, that nuclear weapons should be banned fromRead MoreIs The Movie Fail Safe?938 Words   |  4 Pagestechnology has increased concern about whether humans had command over the use of nuclear weapons or can control nuclear weapons. With respect to this statement the research question for this article is the movie Fail Safe more fact than fiction? How plausible is accidental nuclear war? The movie Fail Safe describes these fears by displaying technology doomsday situation where an error by a computer causes a nuclear bomber group to be deployed against Moscow. Along with describing issues with respectRead MoreNuclear Proliferation Is The Global Spread Of Nuclear Weapons And Technology1748 Words   |  7 PagesNuclear proliferation is the global spread of nuclear weapons and technology. At the end of World War II, the spread of nuclear weapons was happening at an accelerated rate. Countries like the Soviet Union, United Kingdom, France, and China were developing nuclear weapons against the wishes of the United States. In an attempt to stop proliferation, a group of scientists peacefully protested the development of nuclear weapons by sending a petition to the United Nations. The United Nation agreed thatRead MoreNuclear Test B Taking Forward Multilateral Nuclear Weapons1651 Words   |  7 Pages Nuclear Test Ban Taking forward multilateral nuclear disarmament negotiations. A. Introduction Talking of the nuclear test ban under international regime the first thing that ticks the mind is the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty (CTBT) which is a multilateral treaty that bans all nuclear explosions, for both civilian and military purposes, in all environments. It was adopted by the United Nations General Assembly on September 10, 1996 but has not entered into force

Ancient Chinese Innovations Free Essays

Ancient Chinese Innovations Jennifer E Strayer University Humanities 111 Ancient Chinese Innovations The ancient Chinese culture has probably contributed more to the advancement of humans than any other. In China’s long history they have shown us many extremely important inventions. In the modern world we take a lot of these innovations for granted even though we use many of them on a daily basis. We will write a custom essay sample on Ancient Chinese Innovations or any similar topic only for you Order Now I have often wondered who invented many items I use and it surprised me to find out that most things I use and quite possibly cannot live without were invented in ancient China. What would we do if paper had not been invented we may still be etching on stone and bones? Cai Lun successfully invented the very first batch of paper using fish nets and tree bark around 105 BCE. The invention of toilet paper would not have been possible without making paper first. Navigation was made easier with the invention of the compass. Would marinara sauce taste as good if it were not covering pasta or ravioli? Pasta was invented around 300 BCE, nearly 2000 years before the Italian or the Arabs. Would the wars of the world ended the way they did without gunpowder? Around 850 CE, Chinese alchemist discovered gunpowder while searching for immortality. Many historical records and books might not have been made if it were not for the ease of moveable-type printing, which allowed for mass production of written material. Earthquake detection is another invention that many might not have lived without it. The early seismograph created during the Han dynasty around 132 CE used a pendulum to alert for a coming earthquake. While it is not known who first invented the sundial, the first mechanical clock was an important innovation by the ancient Chinese. Clark, 2009; Laudan, 2000; University C. , n. d; Unknown, Top 10 greatest inventions of ancient China, 2007) I think the four most innovative inventions given to us by China are the compass, toilet paper, moveable-type printing and the sundial. The magnetic compass was first made somewhere between 221-206 BCE during the Qin dynasty. The original use was in fortune telling until it was discovered that it was better used at pointing out real directions. Originally used as padding or packing material n the second century BCE, the early Chinese writers mention using toilet paper as we do today as early as 589 BCE. The Chinese invented Woodblock printing over 2,000 years ago. Bi Sheng invented moveable clay type printing from which all later printing methods were developed from. The world’s first clock was invented by Yi Xing, a Buddhist monk and mathematician, his clock operated by having water drip onto a wheel that made a revolution every 24 hours. Hundreds of years later Su Song, an astronomer and mechanist, created what we know as the ancestor of the modern clock. Bellis, n. d; University C. , n. d; Unknown, Top 10 greatest inventions of ancient China, 2007) Our modern world was created on the foundation of these innovations, they have been improved upon and upgraded over the centuries but the basic ideas remain the same. If there were one of these inventions that I simply w ould not want to live without it would have to be toilet paper. While water was the common way to cleanse after each trip to the bathroom, the convenience and ease of using toilet paper had travelers to China commenting about people’s cleanliness as early as 851 CE. In any natural disaster one key thing is sanitation; toilet paper is much more sanitary than using your hand and some water. A few months ago I saw a documentary called No Impact Man, where Colin Beaven, his wife and daughter, took part in a yearlong experiment to see if they could go that long and not impact the environment. One of the experiments was if they could go a year without using toilet paper. They did it, using cloth instead, just like cloth diapers, wash and reuse. While I know now that I could survive without toilet paper, I simply would not want to. Rowles, 2010) Works Cited Barsoum, D. M. (2006, December 18). Solving the Mysteries of the Pyramids. Retrieved January 23, 2012, from Department of Materials Science Engineering: http://www. materials. drexel. edu/News/Item/? i=948 Bellis, M. (n. d). The Compass and other Magnetic Innovations. Retrieved February 25, 2012, from inventors. About. com: http://inventors. about. com/od/cstartinventions/a/Compass. htm Clark, J. ( 2009, March 9). Top 10 Ancient Chinese Inventions. Retrieved February 17, 2012, from HowStuffWorks. com: How to cite Ancient Chinese Innovations, Essay examples

The Red Badge Essays - Salem Witch Trials, Tituba, Abigail Williams

The Red Badge The Crucible John Harran Question # 5 April 04, 2001 English: 2 There was a real evil that stalked Salem in 1692. However, it had nothing to do with Witchcraft or Satan. The evil that stalked Salem in 1692 was a characteristic that existed in the the past. It is also a characteristic of the present and will probably exist in the future. This evil characteristic in society is power. Many leaders, as well as everyday people crave power. Miller wrote this play in the 1950`s when communism was a major threat to many Americans as well as much of the world. Millions of People feared Communism because of the power it can have on peoples lives. In the play The Crucible a young women named Abigail Williams thinks she has the power to condemn anyone she wants. Abigail blames Tituba (who is another young women in Salem) of using witchcraft to enchant two girls into a coma-like state. Abigail realizes she has this power after Tituba confessed to being under the control of Satan. As Abigail feels she now has this power, she admits she is under the control of Satan. Abigail then starts naming names of people in Salem who follow the Devil. Power existed in society in the past. An another example of how an over abundance of power is evil would be the Reign of Adolf Hitler. Hitler, who was a powerful dictator in Germany, tried to take over all of Europe. Power usually begins when one person or a group of people see an open opportunity to advance and when they do so they become overwhelmed with power. In Hitlers case, he saw that he had the power to control all of Germany. Therefore, he thought he would have the power to control all of Europe. The evil known as power feeds off of greed. An example of escalating power would be when Abigail Williams saw that she had condemned one women (Tituba) and she began to condemn many women by accusing them on Witchcraft. Fear is a real evil, it works by causing people to be terrified of people of things. During the 1600`s many people who settled into America feared the power of God. They were afraid if they sinned they would go to hell. Was there a real evil stalking Salem in 1692? It is really a matter of opinion as to what the actual evil was. However, most people who have read The Crucible will tell you that there was something evil going on in Salem at that time whether it be physical or spiritual. The fact that people were killed unnecessarily is evil itself. Philosophy

Free Essays on HRM Strategies

Company Background and Introduction Based in Oak Brook, Illinois, McDonald ¡Ã‚ ¦s Corporation is a family-oriented fast-food restaurant company. Since 1950s, McDonald ¡Ã‚ ¦s has revolutionized the fast-food business and has become one of the best and most well-known restaurant in the world. It serves 46 million customers at more than 30,000 restaurants in 119 countries everyday. In 1948, brothers Dick and Mac McDonald ran a drive-in restaurant with limited menu in San Bernardino, California. In 1954, Ray Kroc, a 52-year-old milkshake machine salesman, visited the restaurant and became amazed how great it was. He convinced the McDonald brothers to let him sell McDonald ¡Ã‚ ¦s franchises. Kroc opened his first McDonald ¡Ã‚ ¦s restaurant in Des Plaines, Illinois in 1955. The McDonald brothers sold the company to Kroc for $2.7 million in 1961. Besides doing business, McDonald ¡Ã‚ ¦s did some charities to give back to the communities. In 1974 the company opened the first Ronald McDonald House in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. The main purpose of Ronald McDonald House was to provide temporary housing for families of critically ill children who needed to stay in hospitals. Today, Ronald McDonald House Charities operate more than 200 houses in 19 countries. Strength Product Strategy From the original McDonald ¡Ã‚ ¦s restaurant operated by brothers Dick and Mac in San Bernardino, California in 1948, there were only nine items on the menu: hamburgers, cheeseburgers, three types of soft drinks, milk, coffee, potato chips, and pies. Soon French fries and milkshakes were added. In 1968 McDonald ¡Ã‚ ¦s restaurants began serving the Big Mac, a two-patty burger that became the company ¡Ã‚ ¦s flagship product and it was developed by Jim Delligatti who operated a dozen stores in Pittsburgh by the late 1960s. In 1973 McDonald ¡Ã‚ ¦s began serving breakfast. By the late 1980s, one-fourth of Americans who ate breakfast away from home did so at McDonald ¡Ã‚ ¦s. Also in... Free Essays on HRM Strategies Free Essays on HRM Strategies Company Background and Introduction Based in Oak Brook, Illinois, McDonald ¡Ã‚ ¦s Corporation is a family-oriented fast-food restaurant company. Since 1950s, McDonald ¡Ã‚ ¦s has revolutionized the fast-food business and has become one of the best and most well-known restaurant in the world. It serves 46 million customers at more than 30,000 restaurants in 119 countries everyday. In 1948, brothers Dick and Mac McDonald ran a drive-in restaurant with limited menu in San Bernardino, California. In 1954, Ray Kroc, a 52-year-old milkshake machine salesman, visited the restaurant and became amazed how great it was. He convinced the McDonald brothers to let him sell McDonald ¡Ã‚ ¦s franchises. Kroc opened his first McDonald ¡Ã‚ ¦s restaurant in Des Plaines, Illinois in 1955. The McDonald brothers sold the company to Kroc for $2.7 million in 1961. Besides doing business, McDonald ¡Ã‚ ¦s did some charities to give back to the communities. In 1974 the company opened the first Ronald McDonald House in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. The main purpose of Ronald McDonald House was to provide temporary housing for families of critically ill children who needed to stay in hospitals. Today, Ronald McDonald House Charities operate more than 200 houses in 19 countries. Strength Product Strategy From the original McDonald ¡Ã‚ ¦s restaurant operated by brothers Dick and Mac in San Bernardino, California in 1948, there were only nine items on the menu: hamburgers, cheeseburgers, three types of soft drinks, milk, coffee, potato chips, and pies. Soon French fries and milkshakes were added. In 1968 McDonald ¡Ã‚ ¦s restaurants began serving the Big Mac, a two-patty burger that became the company ¡Ã‚ ¦s flagship product and it was developed by Jim Delligatti who operated a dozen stores in Pittsburgh by the late 1960s. In 1973 McDonald ¡Ã‚ ¦s began serving breakfast. By the late 1980s, one-fourth of Americans who ate breakfast away from home did so at McDonald ¡Ã‚ ¦s. Also in...

Pros and Cons of Various High School Diploma Tracks

Pros and Cons of Various High School Diploma Tracks Diploma types vary from school to school, although in most states, decisions about diploma requirements are made by state education officials. Students should speak with parents and counselors and think carefully before deciding which type of diploma is best for them. Ideally, students should decide on a curriculum before starting their freshman year, although it is sometimes possible to switch. In most cases, students are not â€Å"locked in† to a certain diploma track once they start on one. Students may start out on a track that becomes too demanding and switch to a new track at some point. But be warned! Switching tracks can be dangerous. Students who switch tracks often run the risk of overlooking a class requirement until late in their curriculum. This can lead to (yikes) summer school or (worse) late graduation. The type of diploma a student chooses will affect his or her future choices. For instance, students who choose to complete a vocational or technical prep diploma will be somewhat limited in their options after high school. In most cases, this type of degree prepares students for entering the workplace or enrolling in a technical college. Many colleges require the completion of a college prep diploma as an admission requirement. If you have your heart set on a big university from your home state, be sure to check the minimum admission requirement and plan your diploma track accordingly. More selective colleges like to see that students have completed a more rigorous curriculum than the one required in a general college prep diploma, and those colleges may require an honors diploma (or seal), an advanced college prep diploma, or an International Baccalaureate diploma. Similar types of diplomas may have different names from state to state. For instance, some high schools offer a general diploma. Other school systems may call the same diploma type an academic diploma, a standard diploma, or a local diploma. This type of diploma gives students greater flexibility in choosing courses, but it might limit the student’s choices for post-secondary options. Unless the student chooses courses very carefully, the general diploma probably won’t meet the minimum requirements of many selective colleges. But there is an exception to every rule! Not all colleges use diplomas as a deciding factor when they consider students for acceptance. Many private colleges will accept general diplomas and even technical diplomas. Private colleges can set their own standards, since they do not have to follow state mandates. Common Diploma Types Technical/Vocational Students must complete a combination of academic courses and vocational or technical courses. General Student must complete a certain number of credits and maintain a minimum GPA. College Prep Students must complete a state-mandated curriculum and maintain a certain GPA. Honors College Prep Students must complete a state-mandated curriculum that is complemented by additional rigorous coursework. Students must achieve a high academic level and maintain a certain GPA. International Baccalaureate Students must complete a specific two-year international curriculum to meet standards set by The International Baccalaureate Organization. This challenging curriculum is normally completed in the final two years of high school by qualified students who have completed a highly academic pre-baccalaureate curriculum.

Operation management of Tom Pulling Toys Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Operation management of Tom Pulling Toys - Essay Example The intention of this study is Tom Pulling Toys as a global manufacturer of educational toys. Its toys are being manufactured in China and sold in the European and US markets. However, due to rising competition and increasing customer complaints, the company is in a spot of bother. To tackle the situation the company is planning to adopt Total Quality Management practices in its operations. As a starting step, the company has decided to use Statistical Process Control at one of its doll manufacturing lines. For this, data collection has been done over a 30 day period. The data collection has been done from the point of view of colouring defects and the height of dolls as these were the two areas the customers complained about. As an output of the analysis on the collected data, the company needs to know whether its processes are in control. The company also needs recommendations in case the processes are not in control. For the first set of data regarding the number of colour defecti ves, firstly the mean number of defectives is calculated. C-chart is the most suitable chart for this purpose since it is used when number of defects or errors is given and the size of sample (here 200) is constant. Using the mean the two 3 sigma control limits are established as: Lower Control Limit (LCL) = c bar – 3 * (c bar)^.5 Upper Control Limit (UCL) = c bar + 3 * (c bar)^.5 The minimum value of Lower Control Limit can be 0. Hence, a negative value for the same is replaced by 0. The mean number of defectives, LCL and UCL are obtained as 6.033, 0 and 13.402 respectively. C-chart is plotted using the number of defectives and control limits. The same is shown in Figure 2.1. Figure 1: c-chart for Number of defectives From the chart, it can be observed that one data point lies above the UCL indicating that the process is not in control. However, since only 1 out of 30 points lies outside, it can be removed by outlier analysis. For the second data set, x bar and R charts are appropriate. For R chart, the ranges are calculated for each of the 30 samples. Mean range or R bar is then computed as an average of these ranges. The 3 sigma control limits for R chart are then established as: Lower Control Limit (LCL) = R bar * D3 Upper Control Limit (UCL) = R bar * D4 The R bar, LCL and UCL are obtained as .5533, .254 and .853 respectively (Table of Control Chart Constants). R chart is plotted using the ranges, mean range and the two control limits. The same is shown in F igure 2.2. Figure 2.2: R chart for height of doll From the chart it can be observed that a large number of data points lies outside the two control limits. This shows that the process is out of control. For x bar chart, the mean height for each sample is calculated and then mean of mean heights (x bar bar) is calculated. The 3 sigma control limits are the established as: Lower Control Limit (LCL) = x bar bar – R bar * A2 Upper Control Limit (UCL) = x bar bar + R bar * A2 The x bar bar, LCL and UCL

A Comparative Analysis of 18th Century French and English Chairs Essay

A Comparative Analysis of 18th Century French and English Chairs - Essay Example These were heavily inspired by the reigns of kings Louis XIV, Louis XV and Louis XVI. Elsewhere in England, 18th century brought prosperity of unprecedented scale that led to a huge increase in the production of furniture with a distinctive English style. These styles are the Queen Anne style, Sheraton style and Chippendale style (Harwood, May and Sherman). The French chairs during this time were characterized by different leg styles. During King Louis 14th reign, French cabinet maker Andrà © chalets Boulle created revolutionary furniture that had legs which were figural, baluster and claw. Also, Louis 15th chairs retained the same leg formation of figural, baluster and claw. Furthermore, the Louis 15th rococo style chairs had a signature ‘S’ shaped cabriole leg, shaped like an animals hind legs. The chairs during King Louis the 16th however had straight fluted legs (Stevens). Meanwhile, the primary construction material that was used in Louis 14th chairs during the baroque period was wood from chestnut, walnut or oak. These were sometimes left natural or were painted bright colors such as red, green or coated silver and even gilded. In addition, precious woods and ebony were imported into Paris to be used as construction materials while pear and natural woods were used in the provinces. The finish often consisted of various metal and animal materials such as pewter and silver, along with tortoise- shell, horn and ivory (Clauston). Louis 15th rococo style chairs also used some of the material found in Louis 14th chairs including wood crafted from oak or walnut. In addition to oak and walnut, cherry, ash, plum, chestnut and olive were also used. Louis 16th neoclassical chairs used walnut, ash and burled. Other construction materials used include steel, copper and bronze (Clauston). The posture and form of the 18th century French chairs was varied. During the era of Louis 14th, the chairs had modest curves and straight lines were prominent (Stevens).